ABSTRACT The attention of contemporary planners to Environmental factors and increasing awareness and communication of man with his surrounding environment has increased the layers and defining factors of design and planning concepts. In such a way, a common problem with the issue of Environmental capabilities to respond was put in front of the planners. The collection of ideas presented in this era was in the form of responsive planning, focusing on the maximum use of Environmental capabilities. The necessity of the emergence of a comprehensive discourse to overcome the plurality of factors, definitions and design methods in the Environmental fields has been given less attention. Based on this, the current research aims to organize the leading theories in this field in a targeted manner and seeks to improve them based on their synergy. The structural question of this research is the meanings, examples and meaningful contexts of flexibility in various aspects and scales of urban planning. The research method used is qualitative thematic analysis with the help of artificial intelligence in MAXQDA software in a 6-step processing process. The important application of this research is to structure the minds of the planners of this field to reduce the scattered and interdisciplinary problems of the resources. The results of this research revealed dimensions such as identification and recognizability, diversity and changeability, adaptability and expandability, distribution, separation and continuity, organization and compatibility in the field of flexibility and related to the corresponding parts in urban planning   Extended Abstract Introduction Responsiveness-based design and planning emphasizing the maximum use of Environmental capacities to meet users' needs implicitly cause a targeted improvement of Environmental quality. As the Environmental awareness of contemporary man has expanded and the platforms have become more diverse, many challenges are raised in the field of environment-oriented in the field of infrastructure quality and service provision. Urban developments and new developments in cities should be interpreted with integrated conceptualization. The conceptualization of interpretive flexibility in the planning and designing of public spaces in the city is used as an interdisciplinary perspective in urban space design to open and discuss its connection and potential as an approach to strengthening social cohesion and inclusion. The general definition of flexibility is that it can create places with new forms of meaning and be used for different groups to strengthen its coherence and multidisciplinary inclusion in terms of design and planning of space and body. On this basis, the concept of flexibility is proposed as a principle in the context of design and planning due to its wide range of effects on background phenomena. The history of such a role can be seen in the diversity of users' needs. In such a way, it is impossible to express the specific time and area of the need to pay attention to this concept. This is in line with Oldenburg's theory of "social public spaces," in which being in public space, communicating with people and the environment through observing the streets, sidewalks, squares, and parks of the city is a necessary step for people as a part of their social life. The meaningfulness of the design of the artificial environment was considered. In any case, in the contemporary era, on the one hand, at the same time as the quantitative and qualitative increase of human Environmental awareness, there is no longer any phenomenon in the eyes of contemporary man arising from a unique aspect and range of factors. On the other hand, his life needs in the individual and collective dimensions have seen a high diversity, which has led to the formation of multiple semantic domains of past flexibility. The meaning of flexibility in such an interdisciplinary platform and basic design refers to the concept of understanding and responding quickly and efficiently to Environmental changes. Such a holistic definition for this broad field of Environmental design means the implicit acceptance of the role of scale in the meaningful domain of these concepts. On a macro scale, it means making design options to increase the presence, participation, and power of choices of users of the environment in participatory urban planning and design methods, and on a small scale, it means making design options to increase spatial quality and, as a result, the quality of activities. The daily activities of Environmental users are through selection against the "dominant space." Flexibility at different scales is crucial for dimensional optimization, shaping, and structuring spatial features, leading to improved performance of space Components and spaces. The development of the concept of "flexibility" from various studies in metropolitan to micro scales, such as interior architecture, allows it to pass the discourse of responsiveness to provide a broad approach to Environmental design in which different values, interests, and priorities are prioritized. As a result, the issue of flexibility in Environmental design has been raised as a multi-dimensional field in the design and planning of the basic environment. The breadth and complexity of this concept have made the researchers of this field deal with it in one or more ways, and it has been avoided to provide a comprehensive framework about the nature and structuring processes. The current research presents a structured view of flexibility in architecture and urban planning with an Environmental approach.   Methodology The methodology to achieve this goal is to use the macro research method and achieve a comprehensive framework by combining categorized interpretations. In such a way that by sorting and categorizing these concepts and bases in a new way, he has found a new level of theoretical findings, which will be a suitable answer for the gaps in scientific knowledge and scientific methods created in this field. In this context, the research method "thematic analysis" has been used with a qualitative approach and the use of library resources. Also, to overcome the breadth and complexity of these concepts and the multi-layer networking of concepts in this research method, artificial intelligence has been used in MAXQDA research assistance software.   Results and discussion In the meantime, attention should also be paid to the fields of influence and application of the results of this research because designers refer to flexibility as the creator of Environmental qualities, including dynamism. Also, since flexibility, along with the principles of readability and adaptability, affect the lifestyle and behavioral patterns of the audience of Environmental design in architecture and urban planning, it will also be effective in dealing with the challenge of complexity in Environmental design factors. One of the key questions for achieving research goals on this issue is how flexibility in Environmental design impacts the relationship between flexibility and scale.   Conclusion The most important finding of this research suggests that first, it requires a focus on the conditions under which the processes of perceiving human abilities and discovering the needs of the human audience can manifest. The theoretical framework arises from a comparative approach between design disciplines. These conditions are independent of the final state of the design product, and strengthening the Environmental capacities will lead to a direction and an area that includes Environmental flexibility. By responding to new situations, the construction of the space and the body within a space building can be adapted to various configurations. Even though the environment may remain constant, the designed place will continue functioning as a strong living system over time.  It also seems that the nature of issues related to flexibility has complexity. Considering that the quality of flexibility in urban planning and architecture is significant in multilevel and multifaceted scales from micro to macro, it is important to pay attention to the scale of different variables. In order to reduce this problem, the consistency and adjustment of the scale of the variables measured in a specific analysis should be considered in the first step.   Funding There is no funding support.   Authors’ Contribution All of the authors approved the content of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work.   Conflict of Interest Authors declared no conflict of interest.   Acknowledgments We are grateful to all the scientific.

In the present era, Environmental challenges have increased the necessity of reducing the temporal and spatial limitations of Environmental education in cities, and the need for effective educational frameworks in this field is felt. In this regard, the current  Futures Studies research examines the criteria and indicators important in the conceptual model of the Environmental Component of the educating city in Iran which is based on global experiences, further, the present research aims to analyze effective criteria and indicators in the Environmental Component in the educating cities with the use of global experiences. This research is conducted with an interpretive philosophy, an inductive approach, and an applied strategy, employing a descriptive-content analysis method and utilizing mixed methods design (qualitative-quantitative). The statistical population consists of 30 urban planning experts selected through a convenience sampling method. The data has been collected through library and field studies and data collection tools of documents and expert questionnaires. The findings of the research, based on the content analysis of 10 successful global experiences and using the Friedman test and structural equations, showed that 6 criteria of awareness, attitudes, policies, skills, behaviors and social-Environmental interactions, with weights of 3.71 and 3.54, 3.48, 3.45, 3.42 and 3.40, respectively, on Environmental development and its dimensions, including protection of aquatic ecosystems, optimal use of natural resources and energies, Environmental protection, urban green development, promotion of public health, preservation of biodiversity and waste management have been effective with 29.66, 28.11, 27.44, 23.33, 18.94, 17.36 and 6.70 units respectively. The results reveal that adopting a comprehensive approach by utilizing the city’s capacity as a platform for Environmental education, focusing on enhancing awareness, skills, attitudes, and behaviors, as well as strengthening social interactions and reforming policies, can create a conducive environment for Environmental education and achieve Environmental development.

In this study, weather conditions such as air humidity, temperature air, and wind speed were investigated in relation to wind turbine efficiency with the approach of an exergy study. In this study, the wind speed has been investigated in two different climatic regions of Iran with an approximate distance of 1200 km, in the names of Ardabil and Marvast. The amount of wind density of Ardabil is equal to 66 (kW/m2) and Marvast is equal to 123 (kW/m2). Power production using a 10 (Kw) wind turbine in the Ardabil region is 2.3 (MWh) and in the Marvast region is 3.2 (MWh) per year. The highest wind turbine exergy efficiency is 0.48 in the Ardabil region, and the highest exergy efficiency in the Marvast region is 0.18. The amount of reduction of CO2 gas production, using wind turbines in comparison to gas and diesel power plants in Ardabil, are 1.1 and 2.1 tons and in Marvast are 1.5 and 2.9 tons per year. This reduction in CO2 greenhouse gas per year is equal to using a forest region of 1000 (m2) to 3000 (m2). The use of wind turbines reduces the fuel consumption of diesel power plants in the Ardabil region for the amount of 797.4 liters and in the Marvast region for the amount of 1244 liters of diesel per year. According to this review, it can be concluded that in addition to wind speed, air humidity plays a significant role in the selection, installation, and commissioning of wind turbines in the region. According to this survey, it can be seen that in the Ardabil region, the wind speed of the wind turbine has a higher exergy efficiency than in the Marvast region, and it can be concluded that the wind turbine has performed better in the Ardabil region.

2in the past, the yard in villa houses would allow residents to perform various activities and to communicate with nature. but today lifestyle change and building of apartments such as mehr housing projects such as social isolation, interruption of relation with nature, has been placed on the physical and mental health of the residents. in this case, appropriate design of intermediate spaces in mehr housing projects can replace the yard and open space in the past. the purpose of this paper is to identify intermediate spaces and provide a method for spatial planning using AIDA model to improve the quality of the environment. to achieve this goal, the main question is what factors in the excellence of the environment are effective in the quality of residential environment and what strategies can be used to improve the quality of the environment? in order to answer these questions, the capabilities of intermediate spaces in 10 levels were determined and in the mehr imam reza (peace be upon him ), sadra was evaluated and evaluated. the nature of this research is combination of qualitative and quantitative methods and data collection is done by survey questionnaire. the case study in the residential complex of imam reza, the new town of sadra, has been selected by random sampling and the question has been about 82 residents of this complex. to evaluate the factors, multiple regression and t-test were used. based on the results of the quality and use of AIDA, strategies for improving the quality of the environment were developed. the results obtained from the quality assessment in the selected set indicate the dissatisfaction of important urban use indicators, green space, and security in the neighborhood level, green space, children 's game space, and the accessibility to residential complex and residential and Environmental cleanliness at the residential unit level. then, using the technique of decision-making, different scenarios of quality improvement were presented. after evaluation, the best scenario with improved security, green space development, intensive development of important land uses, network expansion, development of the quality of housing, creation of Environmental cleanliness infrastructure and considering children 's play space were selected.

Introduction: Multi-Environmental trials (METs) and analysis of genotype-by-environment (GE) interaction have a critical role in breeding programs related to the release of high-yielding cultivars with high yield satbility for cultivation across different environments. Different statistical and graphical methods have been proposed to evaluate the GE interaction effects. In the present study, the effect of GE interaction on grain yield in set of new promising lines of barley was evaluated using the additive main effect and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) model. Materials and methods: A set of promising lines of barley including 18 new advanced lines along with two commercial cultivars (cv. Golchin and cv. Oxin) as reference checks were evaluated in the multi-environment trials. Experiments were carried out in five geographical regions in the warm agro-climatic of Iran which included Ahvaz (E1 and E2), Darab (E3 and E4), Gonbad (E5 and E6), Zabol (E7 and E8), and Moghan (E9 and E10) for two consecutive cropping seasons (2021-2022 and 2022-2023). The AMMI model and some stability and adaptability statistics were used to evaluate the effect of GE interaction on grain yield and identify the high yielding with yield stability promising lines. Results: The results indicated that grain yield was significantly affected by environments (E), genotypes (G), and their interaction (GEI). Environments and GE interaction effect explained the highest portion of observed variation of grain yield. Moreover, the GEI effect was further divided into three principal Components (IPCAs) and accounted for 68.99 of the total GE interaction variation. Mean comparison showed that promising lines 14, 3, 10, and 17 had higher grain yield (4960, 4920, 4750, and 4670 kg.ha-1, respectively) when compared to the other promising lines and check cultivars. According to the AMMI-based stability statistics, promising lines 17 had the highest yield stability. Moreover, this genotype along with promising lines 1, 3, 10, and 14 were selected as superior promising lines based on the BLUP-based stability and adaptability statistics. Principle Components analyisis based on biplot rendered using the WAASB index and grain yield clustered all studied promising lines and experimental environments into four quadrants. Accordingly, promising lines 3, 10, and 17 were placed into the highest yield stability group. Conclusion: The results of this research revealed that promising lines 4 and 14 had specific adaptability to the northern regions (Moghan and Gonbad), and promising lines 3 and 10 showed specific adaptability to the southern regions (Ahvaz, Darab, and Zabol). Therefore, further evaluation of these promising lines, for selection and releasing some of them as new commercial cultivars as well as using them as parents in the national barley breeding programs, is required.

The genetic difference in micro-Environmental sensitivities are measurable through the heterogeneity of the residual variance between animals and it can be seemed that these differences could be inherited. The objective of current study was to estimate the genetic variance Components and heritability of micro-Environmental sensitivities for milk yield and somatic cell score (SCS) traits in the first lactation of Iranian Holstein cows. Data included the 1, 466, 498 and 875, 416 test day records for milk yield and somatic cell score, respectively, that were collected by the Animal Breeding Center and Promotion of Animal Products of Iran from 1987 to 2015. The GLM procedure of SAS software was used to determine the fixed effects which were fitted in the statistical model of analysis. Estimation of variance Components and genetic parameters of micro-Environmental sensitivity was performed using ASReml software, applying the double hierarchical generalized linear model (DHGLM). Heritability of micro-Environmental sensitivity for milk yield (0. 00201± 0. 00014) and somatic cell score (0. 00188± 0. 00018) was lower compared with the heritability of milk yield (0. 16± 0. 08) and somatic cell score (0. 034± 0. 007). However, the genetic coefficient variation (GCV) for residual variance of the mentioned traits was estimated to be 0. 18 and 0. 16, respectively, which indicating a substantial potential for selection responses in both traits. The results of this study indicate that heterogeneity of residual variation in milk yield and somatic cell score of Iranian Holstein cows was partly under genetic control and therefore uniformity of these traits could be improved by selection for residual variance.

Due to water crisis and extreme volume of groundwater extraction throughout Iran, vulnerability assessment of aquifers and water sources management has become one of the essential need of Environmental research in Iran. Through various pollutant, nitrate as one of the chemical water pollution index considered from ages. Chadegan aquifer, as one of the main Gavkhoni basins, was selected to study the Environmental factors affecting groundwater pollution by nitrate, since the majority of the Chadegan aquifer is subject to a very high degree of human impact. The main goals of this study are 1) to get a better understanding of salinity distribution in the aquifer during last two decades, 2) to find out salinity and nitrate distribution in the Chadegan aquifer and 3) to figure the relative contribution of several Environmental parameters (including land use) that are often used in groundwater vulnerability assessment, using principal Components analysis (PCA). In this study, at the first, rate of sampling points for each DRASTIC layer and land use determined and then the relative contribution of several Environmental parameters affecting groundwater quality of Chadegan obtained using the multivariate principal Component analysis. This study showed that salinity level of groundwater vary from 250 to 408 μ S/cm. Consistent increasing salinity level of groundwater during last two decades (from 308/5 μ S/cm in 1995 to 359/2 in 2016) and presence of higher level of salinity in northern and southern part of the study area in 1995, 2010, 2013 and 2016 compare to central part of the area count as two considerable results of the present study. Concentration of nitrate between 15 and 37 mg/l in 2016 and interaction between intrinsic vulnerability and land use affecting groundwater risk pollution by nitrate in northern and southern parts of the study area take into account as the main findings of this study.